For network states · charter cities · online settlements Vision · proven on testnet

A treasury that earns like a fund — and spends like cash.

Network states run on a shared treasury and a member roll. Today that treasury either sits idle in stablecoins earning nothing, or gets locked in yield venues your members can’t spend from. Mintware makes it one balance: capital that stays productive while every member can spend it at par — non-custodial, reputation-aware, settled in native USDC.

The problem

A digital nation with an analog treasury.

A network state can crowdfund capital, issue on-chain membership, and coordinate thousands of aligned people online — then park the shared treasury in a multisig where it earns 0%, and route member payments back through banks and exchanges it was built to route around. The community is sovereign; its money isn’t.

Idle capital

Crowdfunded USDC sits in a treasury multisig earning nothing — or gets locked in a yield strategy no member can spend from without an unwind, a bridge, and a taxable exit.

Payments leak off-chain

Member dues, grants, vendor payouts and stipends detour through banks, cards and exchanges — slow, custodial, and foreign to the community that raised the money.

Membership without a spine

Citizenship and access are a spreadsheet or a token balance. There’s no portable, on-chain reputation to weight who gets what — allocation, access, voice.

01 · The tailwind

Idle money that could earn, meeting spend that moved on-chain.

Two curves are crossing. Stablecoins have become real settlement infrastructure — and hundreds of billions of them sit idle, earning nothing for the people who hold them. A network state feels both sides at once: a shared treasury to make productive, and members to pay. That intersection is the whole thesis.

~$300B stablecoin supply
total stablecoin market cap in 2025 — roughly double two years earlier.
a16z State of Crypto, 2025
$46T settled in 2025
stablecoin transaction volume — nearly 3× Visa; ~$9T on a bot-filtered basis, still >5× PayPal.
a16z State of Crypto, 2025
$300B+ sitting idle
stablecoins held idle, earning zero yield for their holders — the efficiency gap this rail closes.
CoinDesk Research, 2025
$20B+ in DAO treasuries
aggregate on-chain community-treasury value tracked, with service-DAOs holding ~41% in stablecoins.
DeepDAO, 2025

Capital that could be earning is sitting still, at the same moment real-world spend is moving on-chain. Network states — which crowdfund a treasury and pay a member roll — are the sharpest expression of both.

The movement, by the numbers

A digital-nation movement that stopped being theoretical.

Since Balaji Srinivasan framed the network state in 2022, the idea has picked up capital, communities, and a working precedent for on-chain citizenship. The audience is real — and it has nowhere good to put its money.

$525M raised
committed to network-state project Praxis to build a crypto-native city — the largest raise in the space to date.
The Block, Oct 2024
20+ pop-up cities
derivative pop-up villages spawned within 18 months of Vitalik Buterin’s Zuzalu (Montenegro, 2023).
Gitcoin case study, 2024
33,800+ companies
founded through Estonia’s e-Residency — €274M+ cumulative state revenue. Digital citizenship, already proven.
e-Residency, 2024–25
02 · The cost of idle

What a still treasury gives up every year.

A worked example, not a promise — one slice of that $300B+ idle pile. Take a $10M community treasury. Left idle in stablecoins it earns ~0%. On Mintware it stays fully spendable at par while the capital works — earning from the pools it backs. The opportunity cost is the whole point.

Treasury size (illustrative)$10,000,000
Idle in a multisig at ~0%$0 / yr
Productive-but-spendable at an illustrative ~4–8%*≈ $400k – $800k / yr
Liquidity given up to earn itNone — spendable at par, on demand

*Illustrative only, not a quote, offer, or guarantee of yield. Stablecoin lending has historically ranged roughly ~2–10% depending on conditions; LP + rehypothecation strategies target the higher end. Actual returns vary with market conditions and can be lower. Testnet — no real value.

03 · How Mintware fits

One rail for the money of a network state.

The same primitive that makes personal cash productive scales to a community treasury — earning while it stays spendable, owned by its members, and aware of who they are.

A treasury that stays spendable

Shared USDC stays productive and spendable at par at the same time. A member payment — dues, a grant, a stipend, a vendor — is a hold against the earning position, then a settle. Capital never un-parks to be spent. Never idle, never locked.

Non-custodial by construction

Members hold their own keys — self-custody via Privy plus any external wallet. Mintware never takes custody; funds live in members’ wallets or in autonomous, audited-to-be contracts. The community stays sovereign over its own money.

Reputation-weighted membership

Attribution scores real on-chain behaviour into a portable reputation. Use it to weight citizenship, allocation, and access — a spine for who gets what, that a wallet balance alone can’t give you.

Native USDC settlement

Payments settle in USDC on Circle / Arc rails, bridged across chains via CCTP, with real-world card spend through a regulated card partner. Mintware never touches fiat — licensed partners carry that leg.

04 · The mechanics, honestly

How a par-spendable treasury actually holds together.

No magic — structure. The community holds the price-free senior side; a junior first-loss tranche absorbs the market’s moves. Redemption is solvency-aware: par while covered, fair pro-rata in the tail, with no race for the exit.

01
Senior stays par
The community’s balance never reads a pool price. Impermanent loss and market swings land on the junior first-loss tranche, not on member funds.
02
Covered, then fair
Redeemable at par while the first-loss cushion covers it. If a tail event ever exhausts the cushion, everyone shares one transparent pro-rata outcome — no first-redeemer run.
03
The ULV engine
Idle capital earns in Aave; just-in-time Uniswap v4 liquidity plus MEV/LVR recapture return value that normally leaks to arbitrageurs. Capital is never sitting still.
04
Spend without unwinding
A card swipe or payout is a hold against the earning position, then a settle — the underlying stays deployed the entire time.

In testing on Base Sepolia and Circle’s Arc testnet — testnet, unaudited, no real value. These are design properties of autonomous contracts, not a deposit, a guarantee, or investment advice; an external audit is the gate before real value.

05 · Why trust it

Non-custodial, self-reviewed, and proven on-chain.

We don’t ask a community to take our word for it. The loop already runs end-to-end on testnet with real transaction hashes, the contract stack was put through a firm-grade security checklist, and the properties where money can be lost are backed by machine-checked proofs.

0 Critical
critical findings across a 38-contract self-review
6 / 6 High
high-severity findings remediated + re-reviewed
7 proofs
safety properties backed by Coq / Halmos machine checks
502 / 0 Forge
contract tests pass / fail across the stack
Non-custodial
Members hold their keys. Funds live in the user’s wallet or in autonomous contracts — never on a Mintware balance sheet.
Proven end-to-end
Deposit → earn → authorize → spend, plus a native USDC bridge, all executed on testnet with real hashes you can open in a block explorer.
Built on Circle / Arc rails
USDC-native settlement plus CCTP bridging ($126B+ moved across 17 chains) on Circle’s infrastructure; Circle’s USDC-native Arc L1 was announced in 2025. Card spend runs via a regulated partner (sandbox today). We build on their rails — we don’t claim their licences.
Building a network state? Give its treasury a rail that earns while it spends.

Sources: stablecoin supply & settlement volume ($46T total / ~$9T adjusted) — a16z State of Crypto 2025; idle-stablecoin figure — CoinDesk Research (2025, all stablecoins, not DAO-treasuries alone); DAO treasury aggregate & stablecoin share — DeepDAO (2025); Praxis $525M raise — The Block (Oct 2024); pop-up-city count — Gitcoin case study (2024); Estonia e-Residency statistics — e-resident.gov.ee (2024–25); USDC circulation & CCTP volume — Circle (2025). Movement framing: Balaji Srinivasan, “The Network State” (2022); Vitalik Buterin’s Zuzalu (2023). Figures are approximate, dated, and cited for context — not offers; several movement figures are project-reported. Yield figures are illustrative and not guarantees.